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RNA:

RNA stands for Ribonucleic Acid. It is one of the principal organic macromolecules that is important for all known kinds of life. It performs diverse vital organic roles associated with protein synthesis along with transcription, decoding, law, and expression of genes.

Structure of RNA
It is a single-stranded molecule composed of ribonucleotides. Like DNA, It has three components:

A Nitrogenous Base: It can be adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C) or uracil (U).
A Five-Carbon Sugar: It is ribose.
A Phosphate Group: It is connected to the 3' function of one ribose and 5' role of the following ribose.

The nucleotides of RNA are joined to one any other thru covalent bonds that exist between the phosphate of one molecule and the sugar of some other molecule. This linkage among nucleotides is known as phosphodiester linkage or bond.

RNA isn't usually linear; it may fold to shape a complicated three-dimensional structure referred to as hairpin loops. In this structure, nitrogenous bases bind to one any other, i.E. Adenine pairs with uracil (A-U) and guanine pairs with cytosine (G-C). Hairpin loops are usually determined in messenger (mRNA) and transfer RNA (tRNA).

Types of RNA
There are particularly three forms of an RNA molecule which might be as follows:

Messenger RNA (m RNA): It performs a critical position in DNA transcription; a method wherein m RNA is transcribed from one strand of DNA, so its base collection is complementary to the DNA template strand. It allows it to carry the genetic facts from the DNA in the form of a chain of 3-base code which specifies a selected amino acid.

Transfer RNA (t RNA): It is the smallest of the three sorts of RNA molecules. It typically has 74 to ninety-five nucleotide residues. It transfers the amino acids from cytoplasm to the protein-synthesizing machinery, so it is known as t RNA.

Ribosomal RNA (r RNA): It constitutes around 85% of the whole RNA of the cell. It performs a vital position in protein synthesis because it interacts with mRNA and tRNA at various tiers of translation (protein synthesis).